ArticleEntropy (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Detecting Initial System-Environment Correlations from a Single Observable: Theory, Performance, and Applications.
Article in Entropy (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Initial correlations between a quantum system and its environment can strongly influence open-system dynamics and invalidate standard reduced-dynamics descriptions. Detecting such correlations is therefore an important problem, but most existing approaches require state tomography, multiple system preparations, or some degree of access to the environment. Here we show that initial system-environment correlations can be certified using only a single calibrated system observable when the interaction is known. For a qubit interacting with an environment via isotropic Heisenberg exchange, we derive exact bounds on the signal z(t)=⟨σzS⟩(t) that hold for all factorized initial states sharing the same calibrated reduced system state. These bounds define a
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