ReviewVision (Basel, Switzerland)2026
The Visual System in Alzheimer's Disease: A Multilevel Review of Pathology, Monitoring, and Intervention.
Review in Vision (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) extends beyond the brain to the visual system, offering a promising window for pathology, monitoring, and intervention. This review synthesizes evidence on AD-related visual impairments across molecular, cellular, circuit, and cortical levels. We examine the eye-brain pathological relationship as a working framework, noting experimental evidence for brain-to-eye amyloid-β (Aβ) transport in mouse models and associations between retinal and cerebral pathology in humans, while emphasizing that bidirectional pathological transport has not been established. Structural and functional changes in the retina, optic nerve, and visual cortex are reviewed, alongside white matter damage and posterior cortical atrophy patterns. We evaluate emerging multimodal tools (OCTA, ERG, and hyperspectral imaging) that shift diagnosis toward an integrated "structure-vessel-function" assessment. We critically examine non-pharmacological interventions, including 40 Hz gamma stimulation and photobiomodulation, discussing their mechanisms, translational challenges, and the dissociation between structural and cognitive outcomes. We propose the visual system as a candidate pathological window, a quantitative monitoring platform, and an investigational intervention entry point in Alzheimer's disease. However, clinical translation of these applications requires standardized acquisition protocols, prospective longitudinal validation, and robust mechanistic evidence. To advance this agenda, we identify three priorities: multimodal data integration, closed-loop neuromodulation strategies, and methodologically rigorous validation frameworks.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.