ReviewVaccines2026
The State-of-the Art of Personalized Vaccines for Non-Communicable Diseases: A Narrative Review.
Review in Vaccines, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including cancer, cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, autoimmune, and allergic diseases, account for a significant amount of global morbidity and mortality. Chronic viral infections have not been recognized as NCDs, despite the availability of several therapeutic vaccination strategies against oncogenic viruses, such as the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and the human papillomavirus (HPV). Indeed, chronic viral infection leads to the development and progression of malignancies directly linked to the viruses. These considerations support a connection between NCDs, infectious diseases, and therapeutic vaccination. Recent advances in technology have paved the way to the use of vaccines beyond the prevention of infectious diseases, heralding innovative therapeutic and preventative strategies for a variety of chronic NCDs. Here we will review the state of the art of personalized vaccine strategies for NCDs, with an emphasis on the diverse technological platforms used to develop them, including mRNA and DNA vaccines, viral vectors, dendritic cell-based vaccines, nanoparticle delivery systems, and next-generation adjuvants. The review intends to make the case for personalized and antigen-specific vaccination strategies as a compelling option for precision immunotherapy primarily in oncology, where neoantigen-based vaccines are being developed. In addition, we will also review tolerogenic vaccination strategies, vaccination strategies targeting pathological proteins and pathways in neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, and vaccine-based treatment of chronic viral infections. Current evidence about vaccines suggests that several ways are available to induce an immune response or create tolerance to a disease, and possibly altering its course instead of simply controlling the symptoms. However, many challenges are still to be overcome, including disease variability, how to identify appropriate target antigens, the complexity of manufacturing process, long-term safety, and integration with already established treatments. By virtue of the convergence of multiple fields-immunology, genomics, bioinformatics, and new delivery systems-precision vaccinology is gaining momentum. Thus, it is envisaged that personalized vaccines will be an increasingly essential component of future preventive and therapeutic approaches for non-communicable diseases.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.