Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42646708›Full record

ArticleVaccines2026

Assessment of Humoral Immunogenicity of ChAdOx1 H5 HA Influenza Vaccine for Dairy Cattle.

Barbara Dema, Marta Ulaszewska, Alice Lilley, Abi Lofts, Roo Bhasin, Ruth Harvey, Piyada Supasa, Matěj Hlaváč, Susan J Morris, Richard E Booth and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Vaccines, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Barbara DemaPandemic Sciences Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7TY, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-1692-9987
Marta UlaszewskaPandemic Sciences Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7TY, UK.
Alice LilleyWorldwide Influenza Centre, Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK.
Abi LoftsWorldwide Influenza Centre, Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-8066-4514
Roo BhasinPandemic Sciences Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7TY, UK.
Ruth HarveyWorldwide Influenza Centre, Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK.
Piyada SupasaCentre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK.
Matěj HlaváčPandemic Sciences Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7TY, UK.ORCID 0009-0002-4596-253X
Susan J MorrisPandemic Sciences Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7TY, UK.ORCID 0009-0000-1813-0557
Richard E BoothPathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London NW1 0TU, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-8695-4697
Alexander M P ByrneWorldwide Influenza Centre, Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-7448-8200
Nicola LewisWorldwide Influenza Centre, Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK.
Alex McSloyBiological Services Unit, Royal Veterinary College, London NW1 0TU, UK.ORCID 0009-0005-8221-660X
Sarah C GilbertPandemic Sciences Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7TY, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-6823-9750

Funding

Flu Lab
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND/

objectivesThe emergence of highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) virus infections in dairy cattle in the United States revealed a novel mammalian host and a potential transmission pathway involving raw milk and dairy production systems. Sustained circulation of H5N1 in dairy herds is of concern because ongoing viral adaptation in mammals may increase the risk of efficient mammalian transmission and subsequent zoonotic spread. In response to this emerging threat, we developed a chimpanzee adenovirus (ChAd)-vectored vaccine expressing the haemagglutinin 5 antigen (H5HA) from the dairy cattle isolate A/dairy cattle/Texas.

methodsLactating dairy cows were vaccinated by either intramuscular (N = 3) or intranasal administration (N = 3). H5HA clade 2.3.4.4b antibodies in cow's milk and sera were evaluated by ELISA. Hemagglutination and neutralisation capacity were also evaluated.

resultsIgG and IgA H5HA-specific antibodies were detected in serum and milk from parenterally vaccinated animals, demonstrating the induction of a systemic immune response. The neutralising antibody responses elicited were only detected in serum of cows vaccinated via the intramuscular route.

conclusionsThese preliminary findings support the feasibility of ChAd-vectored vaccination as a strategy to induce humoral immunity in cattle against emerging H5N1 influenza A viruses. Cross-reactive antibody responses against both

Indexed as

adenoviral vectoravian influenzaChAdOx1humoral immunityIgAvaccine

Identifiers

PMID42646708
PMCPMC13517907

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.