ArticleNanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Generation Characteristics and Regulation Mechanisms of Monodisperse Droplets of JP-10-Based Nanofluids via Drop-on-Demand Technology.
Article in Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
JP-10 is a pivotal high-density hydrocarbon fuel for advanced aerospace propulsion systems. Doping aluminum nanoparticles to prepare nanofluid fuels is a promising route to enhance its energy density and combustion performance, yet the droplet formation mechanism of such multiphase fuels remains poorly understood, hindering single-droplet combustion research and atomization system optimization. This work constructed a piezoelectric drop-on-demand (DOD) monodisperse droplet generation platform integrated with phase Doppler anemometry (PDA) and high-speed imaging. Using Al/JP-10/OA nanofluids with aluminum mass fractions of 0.1 wt. %, 0.5 wt. % and 1.0 wt. %, we systematically explored the effects of liquid flow rate, driving frequency and particle concentration on droplet size, size uniformity and ejection velocity. In this work, Al/JP-10/OA nanofluids with aluminum mass fractions of 0.1 wt. %, 0.5 wt. % and 1.0 wt. % were tested under liquid flow rates of 1.1-1.5 mL/min and driving frequencies of 10-50 kHz, with measured droplet diameter ranging from 241.04 μm to 292.26 μm and ejection velocity ranging from 1.65 m/s to 2.45 m/s. The results demonstrate that average droplet diameter increases linearly with flow rate and decreases monotonically with driving frequency. Compared with the 0.1 wt. % nanofluid, the 1.0 wt. % nanofluid shows a 4.4% larger droplet diameter and 12.1% lower ejection velocity, while the 0.1 wt. % sample retains excellent monodispersity with a size
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