Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42646269›Full record

ReviewMetabolites2026

Adipose Tissue-Central Nervous System Axis in Obesity: Molecular Mechanisms, Inflammation, and Nutritional and Technological Implications.

Serena Castelli, Gilda Aiello, Alessandra De Bruno, Deborah Fratantonio, Gianluca Tripodi, Vincenzo Aiello, Mauro Lombardo, Sara Baldelli

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Metabolites, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Serena CastelliDepartment for the Promotion of Human Science and Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Rome, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-5857-8049
Gilda AielloDepartment for the Promotion of Human Science and Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Rome, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-4327-0521
Alessandra De BrunoDepartment for the Promotion of Human Science and Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Rome, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-5801-0752
Deborah FratantonioDepartment of Medicine and Surgery, LUM University, S.S. 100 Km 18, 70100 Casamassima, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-4835-0571
Gianluca TripodiDepartment for the Promotion of Human Science and Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Rome, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-9079-0047
Vincenzo AielloDepartment for the Promotion of Human Science and Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Rome, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0009-0002-5646-4325
Mauro LombardoDepartment for the Promotion of Human Science and Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Rome, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-7509-5487
Sara BaldelliDepartment for the Promotion of Human Science and Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Rome, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-7003-3172

Funding

Università Telematica San Raffaele (FIN/RIC) 2023
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Obesity is a multifactorial condition characterized by profound metabolic and inflammatory dysregulation that alters the adipose tissue-central nervous system (CNS) relationship. This paper critically summarizes the biochemical and cellular mechanisms governing this bidirectional crosstalk, moving beyond a descriptive perspective to propose an integrated model of peripheral-central interaction. White adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT), modulated by the sympathetic nervous system (SNS), communicate with hypothalamic circuits (POMC and AgRP neurons) both through traditional endocrine signals (leptin, adiponectin, resistin, apelin) and through lipid mediators and extracellular vesicles (EVs) capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Under conditions of nutritional excess, the accumulation of lipotoxic lipid species (such as palmitate and ceramides) and the inflammatory polarization of brain macrophages (M1/BAMs) induce mitochondrial stress and central resistance to leptin and insulin, altering the adiposity set point. In parallel, we review emerging nutritional strategies based on polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), polyphenols, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and critically evaluate innovative technological platforms (nanoencapsulation, precision fermentation, and 3D food printing) designed to optimize nutrient bioaccessibility and restore adipose-CNS axis homeostasis, discussing current challenges for clinical translation.

Indexed as

adipose tissue–brain axismetabolic inflammationneuroendocrine regulationnutritional modulationobesity

Identifiers

PMID42646269
PMCPMC13515891

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.