Hybrid Response Surface-Particle Swarm Optimisation of Donnan Dialysis Processes for Aluminium Recovery from Water Treatment Sludge.

James Darmey, Sudesh Rathilal, Emmanuel Kweinor Tetteh, Julius Cudjoe Ahiekpor

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Membranes, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

James DarmeyGreen Engineering Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Durban University of Technology, Steve Biko, S4 l1, Durban 4001, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0002-1316-2143

Sudesh RathilalGreen Engineering Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Durban University of Technology, Steve Biko, S4 l1, Durban 4001, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0002-4677-5309

Emmanuel Kweinor TettehGreen Engineering Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Durban University of Technology, Steve Biko, S4 l1, Durban 4001, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0003-1400-7847

Julius Cudjoe AhiekporGreen Engineering Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Durban University of Technology, Steve Biko, S4 l1, Durban 4001, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0002-5968-9071

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Sustainable recovery of aluminium from water treatment plant sludge (WTPS) offers a promising route for resource valorisation and waste reduction. In this study, Donnan dialysis (DD) is evaluated as a separation technique for recovering aluminium from a synthetic hydroxide-based feed simulating WTPS. A Box-Behnken design coupled with response surface methodology (BBD-RSM) was employed to model and quantify the effects of key operating parameters, namely feed pH, flow rate, initial aluminium concentration, runtime, and sweep solution concentration. Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) was integrated with the RSM framework to enhance global optimisation. The PSO approach predicted a maximum aluminium recovery of 99.1% under optimal conditions (pH 4.74, flow rate 98.60%, feed concentration 1313.3 ppm, runtime 21.5 h, and sweep concentration 0.25 M). Experimental validation yielded a recovery efficiency of 90.4%, corresponding to a deviation of 9.2% at a 95% confidence level with R

Indexed as

coagulant recoveryDonnan dialysisoptimisationwaste managementwater treatment plant sludge

Identifiers

PMID42646231

DOI10.3390/membranes16080256

PMCPMC13515296

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.