ArticleJournal of functional biomaterials2026
A Reproducible Digital Workflow for Patient-Specific 3D-Printed Teeth with Anatomically Stratified Enamel and Multi-Material Caries for Preclinical Operative Dentistry.
Article in Journal of functional biomaterials, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Conventional typodonts for preclinical operative dentistry are idealised and lack the variability and tactile feedback of natural teeth; virtual-reality and haptic simulators remain costly for large cohorts. This study developed a reproducible, low-cost digital workflow for patient-specific, multi-material 3D-printed dental simulators and evaluated the models from a learner's perspective. Intraoral and CBCT data from a single de-identified case were co-registered to a Virtual Patient. A modular tooth-socket architecture with trans-apical screw retention allowed repeatable individual tooth replacement; each tooth combined a variable-thickness enamel shell over a dentin core with multi-material carious lesions. Two fabrication routes (MSLA and PolyJet) and an adopted hybrid route (MSLA base, PolyJet teeth) were compared for cost, time and fidelity. The hybrid produced complete bimaxillary models at low consumable cost while preserving the source occlusion and contacts. Fifty dental students evaluated a PolyJet specimen hands-on: didactic utility scored highest (4.32 ± 0.65 on 1-5) and visual realism exceeded tactile realism (
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.