ArticleJournal of xenobiotics2026
Potential Exposure Characteristics and Self-Reported Symptom Burden in a Romanian Region with Heterogeneous Arsenic-Related Drinking-Water Risk.
Article in Journal of xenobiotics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Environmental contamination by potentially toxic elements remains a public health concern in groundwater-dependent regions. This exploratory community-based cross-sectional study examined associations among a historical area-level arsenic screening classification, questionnaire-derived potential-exposure indicators, and self-reported symptom count in 275 adults from 37 standardized locality clusters in Satu Mare County, Romania. The arsenic Health Risk Index (HRI) screening classification was derived entirely from drinking-water measurements collected in a preceding regional study during 2022-2024; no water samples or exposure biomarkers were obtained in the present survey. The questionnaire-derived potential exposure index was calculated as the unweighted sum of seven binary indicators covering residential, drinking-water, occupational, dental, and dietary characteristics (theoretical range, 0-7; observed range, 0-6) and was analyzed continuously. Symptom count (theoretical range, 0-8) was analyzed primarily using negative binomial regression with locality-clustered standard errors and adjustment for age, sex, smoking, alcohol consumption, HRI classification, and self-reported comorbidity. Each one-point increase in the potential exposure index was associated with a modestly higher expected symptom count (adjusted incidence rate ratio = 1.106, 95% CI: 1.031-1.186;
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