ArticleJournal of Intelligence2026
Beyond the Total Score: Revealing Cognitive Heterogeneity in High Ability Through Latent Profile Analysis.
Article in Journal of Intelligence, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
This study examined whether a single total-score cutoff in the Mawhiba Multiple Cognitive Aptitude Test (MMCAT) may conceal meaningful cognitive profile differences between students across four domains: mental flexibility, verbal reasoning and reading comprehension, mathematical-spatial reasoning, and scientific-mechanical reasoning. Archival score data from 5146 school-nominated students across three assessment levels in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia, were analyzed. Latent profile models were estimated separately for each assessment level. A three-profile solution was retained for Levels 1 and 2, and a four-profile solution for Level 3. The retained profiles differed mainly in the overall performance level rather than the profile shape. The operational cutoff of 1540 captured globally high-performing profiles at considerably higher rates than adjacent middle-range profiles, and the identified groups remained internally heterogeneous across all levels. The findings indicate that the current identification rule effectively captures broad, high-level performance, yet it does not represent all adjacent cognitive profiles equally. This has implications for identification policy and educational programming for gifted students.
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