Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42645635›Full record

ReviewCurrent oncology reports2026

GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Obesity Related Cancers: What We Know So Far.

Naga Praneeth Raja, Nagapavani Kandagari

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Current oncology reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Naga Praneeth RajaDivision of Hematology and Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA. nagapraneeth21d@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-9633-7999
Nagapavani KandagariDepartment of Family Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purpose of reviewObesity increases the risk of at least 13 malignancies. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) produce substantial weight loss and improve metabolic and inflammatory pathways implicated in carcinogenesis. This review critically examines the preclinical, epidemiologic, randomized-trial, and emerging oncology evidence linking these agents to obesity-related cancer incidence and outcomes. RECENT

findingsLarge observational cohorts generally associate GLP-1RA exposure with a lower incidence of composite obesity-related cancers, with relative risk reductions of approximately 7-30% in most diabetes- and obesity-based populations. The most consistent favorable associations have been observed in hepatocellular, colorectal, endometrial, ovarian, and pancreatic cancers. However, these findings remain vulnerable to residual confounding, comparator selection, surveillance bias, and insufficient follow-up. Meta-analyses of randomized trials have not demonstrated a significant reduction in overall cancer incidence and have reported inconsistent site-specific signals, including thyroid and colorectal cancer. Preclinical studies support both indirect metabolic effects and potentially direct tumor and immune effects through insulin/IGF-1, cAMP/PKA, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, AMPK, and NF-κB signaling. Early retrospective studies in patients with active cancer suggest possible associations with improved survival or reduced progression, but causality has not been established. GLP-1RAs should currently be prescribed for approved metabolic indications rather than specifically for cancer prevention or treatment. Their role as metabolic modifiers of cancer risk and outcomes is promising but unresolved. Long-term prospective studies with cancer-specific endpoints, body-composition assessment, and integrated tumor and host biomarkers are needed to identify which populations and tumor types may benefit.

Indexed as

Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsNeoplasmsObesityAnimalsHumansGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsCancer preventionGLP-1 receptor agonistImmunotherapyIncretinLiraglutideMASLDNarrative reviewObesityObesity-related cancerSemaglutideTirzepatide

Identifiers

PMID42645635

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.