ArticlePlant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)2026
Phytochemical Characterization and Mechanistic Insights into the Cytotoxic Effects of Bougainvillea glabra Bract Extract in Caco-2 Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cells.
Article in Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Bougainvillea glabra Choisy (Nyctaginaceae) is a traditional medicinal plant and a source of betalains and phenolic compounds with potential antioxidant and cytotoxic properties that still remains underexplored. This study characterized a B. glabra extract (BGE) and evaluated its antioxidant capacity, cytotoxic effects, and modulation of intracellular ROS levels in Caco-2 cells. UPLC-MS identified 21 phenolic compounds, including rutin and quercetin, and two major betacyanins. BGE exhibited ABTS radical scavenging activity (156-188 µM TE), reduced intracellular ROS levels under basal and LPS-stimulated conditions, decreased Caco-2 cell viability, and enhanced the cytotoxic effect of cisplatin. These effects were associated with apoptosis- and autophagy-related markers, including p53 and Bcl-2 expression, and differential regulation of genes involved in caspase activation and NF-kB signaling. Overall, BGE exhibited antioxidant and cytotoxic activities, supporting its potential as a source of bioactive compounds for colorectal cancer research.
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