Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42645278›Full record

ArticleBiomimetics (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Optimizing the Cascade Deep Neural Network Parameters Using an Egret Swarm Optimisation Algorithm: An Application to PID Tuning for the AVR with Shallow Controller.

Masoud Elhawat, Hüseyin Altınkaya

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Masoud ElhawatDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Karabuk University, Karabuk 78050, Türkiye.ORCID 0000-0002-2790-9869
Hüseyin AltınkayaDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Karabuk University, Karabuk 78050, Türkiye.ORCID 0000-0003-1956-1695

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Voltage regulation of synchronous generators remains a significant and complex challenge in the field of engineering, particularly under varying load conditions. Although various control strategies have been applied to Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) systems for managing the terminal voltage of synchronous generators, Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controllers continue to be one of the most fundamental and widely used approaches due to their simplicity, reliability, and robust structure. The tuning process, which involves determining the optimal values of the three fundamental parameters of a PID controller-namely the coefficients for the proportional, integral, and derivative terms (

Indexed as

Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR)Deep Neural Network (DNN)Egret Swarm Optimization Algorithm (ESOA)PID controller

Identifiers

PMID42645278
PMCPMC13509422

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.