Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42644926›Full record

ArticleGels (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Effects of κ-Carrageenan on Gel Properties and Microstructure of Unrinsed Nile Tilapia Surimi Gels During Heat-Induced Gelation.

Wanwen Chen, Xinyu Chang, Lanxian Yang, Jian Wu, Pao Xu, Hao Cheng, Haibo Wen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Gels (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Wanwen ChenWuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China.ORCID 0000-0003-3059-7808
Xinyu ChangCollege of Fisheries and Life Sciences, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China.
Lanxian YangWuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China.
Jian WuWuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China.
Pao XuWuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China.
Hao ChengState Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.ORCID 0000-0001-8650-2914
Haibo WenWuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China.

Funding

the Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund, CAFS 2023TD64 & 2023TD66the Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, CAFS 2025JBFM03
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Unrinsed surimi production has emerged as a sustainable alternative to conventional rinsed surimi due to its substantial water savings, reduced nutrient loss, and lower environmental footprint. However, poor gel strength and water-holding capacity remain major bottlenecks limiting its industrial application. This study investigated the effects of κ-carrageenan (κ-CG) on the rheological properties, textural characteristics, water distribution, intermolecular interactions, and microstructure of unrinsed surimi gels. The results showed that κ-CG enhanced gel properties in a concentration-dependent manner. At 0.75% κ-CG, gel strength increased to 47.0 g·cm (a 2.2-fold increase vs. control), water holding capacity (WHC) reached 97.9%, and cooking loss decreased to 4.0%. In contrast, at 1.0% κ-CG, gel strength and hardness further increased, but WHC declined slightly. Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance analysis revealed that κ-CG promoted the conversion of free water to immobilized water, with the relative peak area of T

Indexed as

gel propertiesintermolecular interactionsmicrostructureNile tilapiaunrinsed surimiwater-holding capacityκ-carrageenan

Identifiers

PMID42644926
PMCPMC13511995

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.