Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42644835›Full record

ReviewXenotransplantation

Artificial Intelligence in Xenotransplantation: A Prioritized Roadmap for Early Clinical Translation, Opportunities and Challenges.

Kasra Shirini, Zoe Hahn, Joseph M Ladowski, Alexander Schulick, Saghar Babadi, Alexandre Loupy, Kazuhiko Yamada, Raphael P H Meier

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Xenotransplantation. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Kasra ShiriniDepartment of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Zoe HahnDepartment of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Joseph M LadowskiDepartment of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Alexander SchulickDepartment of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Saghar BabadiDepartment of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Alexandre LoupyParis Institute for Transplantation and Organ Regeneration (PITOR), Université Paris Cité, PARCC INSERM, Paris, France.
Kazuhiko YamadaDepartment of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Raphael P H MeierDepartment of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9050-0436

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Xenotransplantation represents a potential solution to the persistent global organ shortage, yet its clinical application remains stalled by complex immunologic responses, coagulation dysregulation, species-specific biology, and infectious risks. Artificial intelligence (AI) could enhance safety, accelerate decision-making, and enable precision medicine initiatives within this rapidly evolving field. However, effective implementation of AI in xenotransplantation requires approaches specifically adapted to the biological and operational complexities of cross-species transplantation. Here, we present our suggestion of a prioritized roadmap for integrating AI into early clinical xenotransplantation, based on clinical need, data availability, technical readiness, feasibility of clinician-supervised implementation, and potential impact on graft assessment and safety monitoring. Priority domains include digital pathology and imaging, machine perfusion-based viability monitoring, multimodal and multi-omics detection of graft injury and rejection, and surveillance for potential xenozoonotic infections. One of the essential prerequisites to ensure the development of reliable AI in xenotransplantation is to develop standardized definitions of xenograft injury phenotypes and ground truth datasets, which in this emerging field are currently lacking. The limitations to the application of AI in xenotransplantation, which include the lack of clinical data, species-specific differences, and delays in annotations and regulations, can be addressed via data sharing, federated learning, fairness, and validation. By combining gene-edited donors and refined immunosuppression regimens with clinically supervised, auditable, and transplant-specific, AI-based support systems, xenotransplantation could be made safer and more reproducible in the clinical arena.

Indexed as

Artificial IntelligenceHeterograftsTransplantation, HeterologousAnimalsGraft RejectionHumansartificial intelligencemachine learningtransplantationXenotransplantation

Identifiers

PMID42644835
PMCPMC13510100

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.