ReviewVirulence2026
Pathogenicity and virulence of PRRSV: From regulated cell death reprogramming landscape and immune subversion to precision vaccinology.
Review in Virulence, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
PRRSV remains a major challenge because pathogenicity arises from the convergence of rapid viral evolution, immune evasion, and maladaptive host responses rather than from isolated virulence determinants. This review synthesizes evidence from molecular and cellular studies, arguing that recurrent recombination, lineage turnover, and antigenic diversification continuously reshape viral fitness, tissue tropism, and vaccine efficacy. PRRSV suppresses interferon‑driven antiviral programs while rewiring inflammatory signaling and intertwined lytic and non-lytic regulated cell death cascades. The virus induces a phenotypic convergence akin to PANoptosis, notably marked by hyper-inflammatory pyroptotic responses in macrophages, which in turn facilitates immune dysfunction, delays the development of protective immunity, and contributes to persistent infection. We assess emerging intervention strategies, including consensus antigen design, rational attenuation, and nonreplicating platforms such as mRNA and protein nanoparticles. This framework explores regulated cell death pathways as a basis for identifying diagnostic biomarkers and developing precision vaccines for PRRSV.
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Registered trials
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