ArticleAnnals of medicine2026
Clinical and biological features of gonococcal arthritis: a 20-year retrospective study.
Article in Annals of medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectivesGonococcal arthritis is a rare but severe complication of MATERIAL &
methodsWe retrospectively analyzed all cases of gonococcal arthritis admitted to the University Hospital of Liège from January 2005 to June 2025 (
resultsSeven patients (57% male, mean age: 42 years) were included with confirmed gonococcal arthritis. Three joints were affected on average, most often knee, ankle, or fingers. Urogenital symptoms were reported in 43% and urogenital PCR was positive in 66%. Synovial fluid PCR was positive in all cases when performed, with shorter time to positivity than culture (1.7 vs 2.8 days), whereas blood cultures had a low rate of positivity (29%). At the end of hospitalization, no patient had achieved full recovery. At the last follow-up visit, only one patient achieved complete recovery.
conclusionWe highlight the clinical interest of systematic synovial fluid PCR: blood and synovial fluid cultures lack diagnostic yield compared to synovial fluid PCR, while synovial fluid culture also shows delayed positivity compared with the latter. We also observe that genitourinary PCR and clinical symptoms display lack positivity. Finally, despite appropriate therapy, residual joint impairment is frequent, highlighting the need for early recognition and optimized management.
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