ArticleEuropean archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery2026
Effect of nasal irrigation on microplastic clearance in children with adenoid hypertrophy, with or without otitis media with effusion.
Article in European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveThis study aimed to evaluate microplastics (MPs) in nasal lavage samples and the effect of nasal irrigation in children with adenoid hypertrophy (AH), with or without otitis media with effusion (OME).
methodsChildren with AH, AH/OME, and healthy controls were included. Adenoid size was assessed endoscopically as the percentage of choanal obstruction. Nasal lavage samples were collected at baseline and after 1 month of twice-daily saline nasal irrigation. MP density and total MP count were quantified.
resultsA total of 61 children were included: 23 with AH, 19 with AH/OME, and 19 controls. Baseline MP density was 1.56 ± 0.53, 1.79 ± 0.94, and 1.97 ± 0.83 pieces/ml, respectively; total MP counts were 4.39 ± 1.61, 4.10 ± 2.53, and 6.47 ± 4.18. Baseline MP density was similar among groups, while total MP count was higher in controls than in one AH group. After irrigation, MP density and total MP count decreased significantly only in controls (p < 0.001 and p = 0.003), whereas no statistically significant reductions were detected in the AH groups. Adenoid size was negatively correlated with Δ MP density (r=-0.335, p = 0.008) and Δ total MP count (r=-0.322, p = 0.011), suggesting lower clearance with greater obstruction. Hierarchical regression showed that, after adjustment for age and baseline MP density, adenoid percentage was independently associated with reduced MP density clearance, but not with total MP count reduction. Exploratory ROC analysis showed limited discriminatory ability for adenoid percentage in identifying reduced MP clearance (AUC = 0.662).
conclusionMPs were detected in nearly all children. In this exploratory study, adenoid hypertrophy showed a possible association with reduced post-lavage microplastic clearance; however, baseline findings did not support a simple microplastic trapping mechanism, and causality cannot be inferred from nasal lavage data alone. Further age-matched tissue-level studies are needed.
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