Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42642344›Full record

ArticleChemphyschem : a European journal of chemical physics and physical chemistry2026

Caffeine and 4-Hydroxybenzoic Acid Cocrystal Hydrate: Preparation, Characterization, and Evaluation.

Shagun Gogna, Jonathan J Du, Paul W Groundwater, Mohamed Fares, Philip Chi Lip Kwok, Grace Tsz Yan Yau, Jan-Willem C Alffenaar, David E Hibbs

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Chemphyschem : a European journal of chemical physics and physical chemistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Shagun GognaSydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6257-8244
Jonathan J DuSydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.
Paul W GroundwaterSydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4932-2030
Mohamed FaresSydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.
Philip Chi Lip KwokSydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5362-0671
Grace Tsz Yan YauSydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2400-8733
Jan-Willem C AlffenaarSydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6703-0288
David E HibbsSydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Caffeine is one of the most consumed stimulants with pharmaceutical benefits; however, its varied pH-dependent solubility (120-‍500 µg/mL) and moderate stability hinder bioavailability. In this study, a 1:1:1 cocrystal hydrate of caffeine with 4-hydroxybenzoic acid was crystallized and systematically reevaluated. SCXRD and PXRD revealed a triclinic system sustained by O─H···O and C─H···O hydrogen bonds. The Hirshfeld surface showed increased H···O/O···H interactions from 11.0% in caffeine to 15.7% in CAF·4HBA·H

Indexed as

4‐hydroxybenzoic acidcaffeinecrystal growthdissolutionX‐ray diffraction

Identifiers

PMID42642344
PMCPMC13506356

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.