Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42640706›Full record

ReviewMicrobial genomics2026

An ode to the 16S rRNA gene: its history, importance, caveats and future in microbiome research.

F J Whelan, L J Hall

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Microbial genomics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

F J WhelanSchool of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
L J HallDepartment of Microbes, Infection and Microbiomes, School of Infection, Inflammatory and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.

Funding

Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The 16S rRNA gene has - and continues to - play an important role in microbiology. It's universality across prokaryotes and variation across species has allowed the sequencing of its hypervariable regions to be used to distinguish taxa within complex mixed bacterial communities. Although 16S rRNA gene sequencing has transformed our understanding of microbial communities, its use comes with important caveats and considerations, especially in light of the availability of whole-genome metagenomic sequencing. Within, we discuss the 16S rRNA gene and its important role in microbiome research, in the past, present, and future.

Indexed as

BacteriaMicrobiotaRNA, Ribosomal, 16SHumansMetagenomicsPhylogenySequence Analysis, DNARNA, Ribosomal, 16S16S rRNA gene sequencingmicrobiome research

Identifiers

PMID42640706
PMCPMC13505959

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.