Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42638166›Full record

ArticleDiabetes, obesity & metabolism2026

Trends in Cost of Care With Tirzepatide in Adults Aged Over 55 Years With Obesity or Overweight Without Diabetes: A Matched Cohort Analysis.

Navneet Upadhyay, Ali Bonakdar, Keshab Subedi, Soutrik Banerjee, Benjamin Behrend, Emily R Hankosky

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Navneet UpadhyayEli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3776-9596
Ali BonakdarCencora, Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, USA.
Keshab SubediCencora, Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, USA.
Soutrik BanerjeeAixial Group, Boulogne-Billancourt, France.
Benjamin BehrendEli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
Emily R HankoskyEli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9934-584X

Funding

Eli Lilly and Company
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsCompare healthcare cost trends among older adults with obesity or overweight treated with tirzepatide versus no treatment. MATERIALS AND

methodsRetrospective cohort study using real-world data from US Komodo Research Dataset, 8 November 2022 to 30 September 2025. Adults > 55 years with obesity, or overweight with ≥ 1 weight-related comorbidity, without T2 diabetes who initiated tirzepatide for weight management were compared with propensity score-matched individuals who did not receive any incretin-based therapies. Changes in all-cause healthcare costs (excluding tirzepatide; per-person-per-month) between cohorts were assessed at 3-6, 6-12 and 12-18 months using a difference in differences (DiD) framework. Informative censoring and differential follow-up were addressed with inverse-probability-of-censoring-weights and pairwise censoring.

resultsEach cohort comprised 15843 individuals. Healthcare cost DiD estimates (95% CI) for the tirzepatide versus control cohorts were -$145 (-266, -25; 12.3% reduction; p = 0.022) during 6-12 months and -$319 (-544, -94; 25.4% reduction; p = 0.015) during 12-18 months; using pairwise censoring, estimates were -$181 (-319, -43; p = 0.021) and -$607 (-1007, -207; p = 0.023), respectively. Cost offsets with tirzepatide were driven by higher medical costs in controls during 12-18 months (-$211 [-$407, -$15]; p = 0.065) and fewer inpatient/emergency department visits with tirzepatide versus controls; incidence rate ratio (95% CI) 0.69 (0.50, 0.94; p = 0.021) during 12-18 months.

conclusionsMonthly cost offsets for persistent tirzepatide users versus untreated individuals grew over time, offsetting $319 (ranging from $94 to $544) tirzepatide costs by 12-18 months. These results have implications for the $195 monthly net Medicare cost for the Bridge programme, suggesting tirzepatide may generate near-term cost savings in an older population that stays on treatment.

Indexed as

Health Care CostsObesityOverweightTirzepatideAgedFemaleHumansIncretinsMaleMiddle AgedPropensity ScoreRetrospective StudiesUnited StatesIncretinsTirzepatidecost‐effectivenesselderlyGLP‐1incretin therapyreal‐world evidenceweight management

Identifiers

PMID42638166
PMCPMC13646331

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.