ArticleInternational journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being2026
Constructing knowledge and moral skills through hospital clown interventions: a qualitative study.
Article in International journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundHospital clown practice is grounded in a form of situated wisdom that extends beyond entertainment. Through their interventions, hospital clowns develop and enact moral know-how that enables them to interpret clinical environments, respond to uncertainty, and make respectful decisions in real time.
objectiveThis qualitative study explores the moral know-how and skills developed and enacted by hospital clowns during clinical encounters and examines how these extend beyond technical and communicative performance.
methodsA qualitative study inform by a phenomenological perspective was conducted. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with 7 hospital clowns, 10 patients, 17 family members, and 17 healthcare professionals (8 nurses, 3 physicians, and 6 medical students). Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using inductive thematic analysis following Braun and Clarke's six-phase framework, supported by Atlas.ti software.
resultsFive core competencies emerge: (1) DISCUSSION: The moral know-how enacted by hospital clowns reflects essential moral skills relevant to clinical practice. Some of them are emotional regulation, situated empathy, and acceptance of fallibility. These experiential forms of learning offer a complementary approach to traditional dilemma-based models of clinical ethics and support the development of more relational, context-sensitive, and person-centered forms of care. Additionally, these competencies may have important implications for medical education.
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