Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42635957›Full record

ArticlePhotochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology2026

Photodynamic anti-biofilm PHEMA/Rose Bengal hydrogels enhanced by iodide: evidence for hydrogen peroxide and triiodide formation.

Ana M López-Fernández, Valentina Quintero, Sofía Ballesta, Isabel García-Luque, Francisco Galindo

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Article in Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Ana M López-FernándezDepartamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Sos Baynat s/n, Castellón, 12071, Spain.
Valentina QuinteroDepartamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Sos Baynat s/n, Castellón, 12071, Spain.
Sofía BallestaDepartamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. De Sánchez Pizjuan s/n, Sevilla, 41009, Spain.
Isabel García-LuqueDepartamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. De Sánchez Pizjuan s/n, Sevilla, 41009, Spain.
Francisco GalindoDepartamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Sos Baynat s/n, Castellón, 12071, Spain. francisco.galindo@uji.es.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0826-6084

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Biofilm-associated infections remain a major challenge for biomedical devices, motivating the development of light-activated antimicrobial materials. Here we report the antibiofilm activity (against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) of a photodynamic hydrogel consisting of Rose Bengal (RB) physically entrapped within a crosslinked poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) matrix. Under visible-light irradiation, RB-PHEMA alone produced only modest reductions (ca. 1 log), whereas addition of iodide markedly enhanced antibiofilm performance, yielding a 4.2-log reduction for S. aureus and a 1.7-log reduction for P. aeruginosa. To elucidate the basis of iodide potentiation, we conducted a systematic spectroscopic study under irradiation with varying concentrations of KI and NaI. Long-lived products consistent with iodide oxidation by singlet oxygen were detected, including triiodide (I

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsBiofilmsHydrogelsHydrogen PeroxideIodidesPhotosensitizing AgentsPolyhydroxyethyl MethacrylateRose BengalLightPseudomonas aeruginosaStaphylococcus aureusAnti-Bacterial AgentsHydrogelsHydrogen PeroxideIodidesPhotosensitizing AgentsPolyhydroxyethyl MethacrylateRose BengalAntimicrobial materialsBacteriaBiofilmsIodideLightPHEMAPhotodynamic inactivationPseudomonas aeruginosaRose BengalStaphylococcus aureus

Identifiers

PMID42635957

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.