Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42635936›Full record

ArticleCell biochemistry and biophysics2026

Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) Extract Attenuates Methotrexate-Induced Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory Disturbance, and Apoptotic Lung Injury: A Molecular and Histopathological Study.

Abd El Ghany A Moustafa, Aly Fahmy Mohamed, Ibrahim M Ibrahim Amr, Hassan Fathy Kaabo, Laila El-Sayed El-Moselhy, Tamer Albasyoni Gomah, Amer M Abdel Hamid, Amal Mahmoud Hammad, Walid Mostafa Sayed Ahmed, Fawzy Mahmoud Abou Galala and 12 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Cell biochemistry and biophysics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

22 authors.

Abd El Ghany A MoustafaDepartment of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, 34517, Egypt. drabdosan@yahoo.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3961-1410
Aly Fahmy MohamedThe Holding Company for Production of Vaccines, Sera and Drugs (EgyVac) VACSERA, Cairo, Egypt.
Ibrahim M Ibrahim AmrDepartment of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, 34517, Egypt.
Hassan Fathy KaaboDepartment of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5385-0293
Laila El-Sayed El-MoselhyDepartment of Histology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, Egypt.
Tamer Albasyoni GomahDepartment of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, 34517, Egypt.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0009-7734-5385
Amer M Abdel HamidDepartment of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, Egypt.
Amal Mahmoud HammadDepartment of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, Egypt.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4037-7668
Walid Mostafa Sayed AhmedDepartment of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, Egypt.
Fawzy Mahmoud Abou GalalaDepartment of Nursing, AL-Ghad College for Applied Medical Science, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Fayez Mohammed Abd Elfattah ElbayoumyDepartment of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia.
Mohamed E AmerDepartment of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, 34517, Egypt.
Mohammed E ElmitwalliDepartment of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, 34517, Egypt.
Hagar Wahdan ElazabDepartment of Histology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, Egypt.
Ahmed E El NagarDepartment of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, 34517, Egypt.
Khaled Mohamed ElsadekDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, Egypt.
Ahmed Nahed Zaky MohammedDepartment of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, Egypt.
Suhaib NaeemDepartment of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt.
Mohamad A SolimanDepartment of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt.
Mohammed Ali A MajrashiDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5752-7389
Rasha G ElsaftyChest Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3194-295X
Heba M K YoussefPathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2148-5863

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Methotrexate (MTX) is widely used as a chemotherapeutic and immunosuppressive agent, but its clinical use is limited by toxic effects associated with oxidative stress, inflammatory dysregulation, and apoptosis. Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) extract has documented antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective properties. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of rosemary extract against MTX-induced lung injury through biochemical, histopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular analyses. A total of 40 adult male Wistar rats were randomly allocated to four experimental groups (n = 10/group): Control, Rosemary, MTX, and Rosemary + MTX. Lung tissues were assessed for oxidative stress markers, including reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and reduced glutathione (GSH); inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α); histopathological and immunohistochemical changes; and expression of apoptosis-related markers (p53 and Bcl-2). MTX significantly increased ROS, MDA, TNF-α, p53 gene expression, p53 immunoreactivity, and collagen deposition, while it decreased GSH, IL-6, and Bcl-2 expression compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Co-treatment with rosemary attenuated MTX-induced increases in ROS, MDA, TNF-α, p53 expression, collagen deposition, and histopathological injury, and partially restored GSH and Bcl-2 levels compared with the MTX group (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, several measured parameters remained significantly altered in the Rosemary + MTX group according to Tukey post-hoc comparisons, indicating partial rather than complete recovery. Rosemary extract partially attenuated MTX-associated oxidative, cytokine, apoptosis-related, and histopathological alterations in rat lung tissue. Further mechanistic and translational studies are required.

Indexed as

ApoptosisLung InjuryMethotrexateOxidative StressPlant ExtractsRosmarinusAnimalsGlutathioneInflammationInterleukin-6LungMaleMalondialdehydeProto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2RatsRats, WistarGlutathioneInterleukin-6MalondialdehydeMethotrexatePlant ExtractsProto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2Reactive Oxygen SpeciesTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaTumor Suppressor Protein p53ApoptosisInflammationLungMethotrexateOxidative stressRosemary extract

Identifiers

PMID42635936

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.