Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42635455›Full record

ArticleIndian journal of ophthalmology2026

Risk factors for local recurrence and metastasis of eyelid sebaceous carcinoma after complete excision: A large cohort study in Japan.

Hiroaki Oku, Akihide Watanabe, Saul N Rajak, Tomomichi Nakayama, Akiko Yoneda, Masanori Kumakiri, Kengo Yoshii, Chie Sotozono

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Article in Indian journal of ophthalmology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Hiroaki OkuDepartment of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
Akihide WatanabeDepartment of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
Saul N RajakThe Sussex Eye Hospital, Brighton and Sussex University Hospital, Brighton, The United Kingdom.
Tomomichi NakayamaDepartment of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
Akiko YonedaDepartment of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
Masanori KumakiriDepartment of Oculoplastic Orbital Surgery, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan.
Kengo YoshiiDepartment of Mathematics and Statistics in Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
Chie SotozonoDepartment of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo assess risk factors for local recurrence and metastasis in eyelid sebaceous carcinoma after complete excision in a Japanese population.

methodsIn this retrospective study, we reviewed the medical records of 171 Japanese patients with histologically complete eyelid sebaceous carcinoma excision between December 2006 and August 2024. Patients who received adjuvant therapy other than surgery, did not have metastasis screening, or had metastasis detected prior to surgery were excluded. Sebaceous carcinomas were staged according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system, 8 th edition. Kaplan-Meier analysis and the log-rank test were used to determine the risk factors for local recurrence and metastasis. The risk factors and the survival rate for local recurrence and metastasis were then assessed.

resultsA total of 147 cases were included. Female sex ( P = 0.024) and pagetoid spread ( P = 0.006) were significantly associated with local recurrence. T stage ≥T1c ( P = 0.041), lower eyelid tumor site ( P = 0.021), and pagetoid spread ( P = 0.011) were significantly associated with metastasis. At 5 years postoperatively, the local recurrence-free survival rate was 93.5% (95% CI: 86.9-96.9) and the metastasis-free survival rate was 89.6% (95% CI: 82.0-94.2).

conclusionExcision margins, and follow-up and surveillance protocols for sebaceous carcinoma may need to reflect the significantly greater risk of local recurrence and metastasis with pagetoid spread, female sex, T stage (worse than T1b), and tumor location on the lower eyelid.

Indexed as

Adenocarcinoma, SebaceousEyelid NeoplasmsNeoplasm Recurrence, LocalOphthalmologic Surgical ProceduresSebaceous Gland NeoplasmsAdultAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansIncidenceJapanMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasm MetastasisEyelidlocal recurrencemetastasisprognosissebaceous carcinoma

Identifiers

PMID42635455
PMCPMC13614682

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