ArticleAnimal models and experimental medicine2026
Baseline podocyte-associated state and persistent cell-matrix transcriptional programs are associated with BALB/c substrain differences in adriamycin nephropathy.
Article in Animal models and experimental medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundAdriamycin (ADR)-induced nephropathy is a widely used murine model of glomerular injury. Although strain-dependent susceptibility is well recognized, variation among closely related substrains remains insufficiently explored.
methodsWe compared early responses to ADR between two BALB/c substrains, BALB/cAJcl (AJcl) and BALB/cByJcl (ByJcl), focusing on baseline podocyte-associated features and early glomerular transcriptional programs.
resultsFollowing ADR administration, ByJcl mice developed significantly greater albuminuria at Day 7 compared with AJcl mice. At Day 7, ByJcl mice also showed lower WT1-positive nuclei counts and diminished nephrin immunoreactivity than AJcl mice; notably, these differences were already evident at baseline. Glomerulus-enriched RNA sequencing showed that extracellular matrix organization and integrin signaling were already enriched in ByJcl at baseline and remained enriched at Day 5, when coordinated suppression of podocyte-associated transcriptional programs was also evident.
conclusionSubstrain-dependent differences in baseline podocyte-associated readouts and a pre-existing cell-matrix transcriptional state that persists after ADR are associated with divergent trajectories of ADR-induced injury. Because WT1-based counts cannot distinguish podocyte number from WT1 expression, these baseline differences are best described as an attenuated podocyte-associated state rather than a definitive reduction in podocyte number. Careful documentation of substrain origin is critical for experimental reproducibility in nephropathy research.
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