ArticleVeterinary world2026
Molecular detection, characterization, and cross-species circulation of feline and canine parvoviruses in Gujarat, India: Emergence of a novel canine parvovirus-2c variant and enhanced diagnostic sensitivity of quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
Article in Veterinary world, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background and Aim: Feline parvovirus (FPV) and canine parvovirus (CPV) are highly contagious pathogens that cause severe enteritis in companion animals, leading to considerable morbidity and mortality, particularly in young and unvaccinated animals. The continuous evolution of CPV variants and increasing evidence of cross-species transmission present major challenges for disease diagnosis, surveillance, and control. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of FPV and CPV infections among cats and dogs in Gujarat, India, compare the diagnostic performance of rapid antigen testing (RAT), conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and quantitative PCR (qPCR), characterize circulating viral variants through Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2024 and September 2025 using 200 fecal samples collected from 100 cats and 100 dogs presented to veterinary clinics, shelters, and rescue organizations in Gujarat, India. Samples were examined using RAT, conventional PCR targeting the Results: RAT detected FPV and CPV in 10 (5.0%) and 80 (40.0%) samples, respectively, whereas conventional PCR identified 39 (19.5%) parvovirus-positive samples. Duplex qPCR demonstrated markedly superior sensitivity, detecting 124 (62.0%) positive samples, comprising 27 FPV and 97 CPV infections. Cross-species circulation was demonstrated by detection of CPV in 12% of cats and FPV in 1% of dogs. Sequencing of the Conclusion: FPV and CPV co-circulate among companion animals in Gujarat, with molecular evidence of cross-species transmission and predominance of CPV-2c variants. Duplex qPCR substantially outperformed RAT and conventional PCR, supporting its routine application for accurate diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, and early detection of emerging parvovirus variants. Continuous molecular surveillance combined with sustained vaccination programs is essential to limit viral dissemination and improve control of parvoviral infections.
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