ArticleVeterinary ophthalmology2026
Effects of Indirect Pupillary Light Reflex Stimulation With Colored Light on Corneal Specular Microscopy Performance in Dogs.
Article in Veterinary ophthalmology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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4 authors.
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Abstract
objectiveTo compare the effects of indirect pupillary light reflex (PLR) stimulation using differently colored lights on corneal specular microscopy performance in dogs and to determine the influence of pupil diameter. ANIMALS STUDIED: 20 client-owned dogs (38 eyes) with healthy corneas. PROCEDURES: In this prospective study, one eye underwent specular microscopy while the contralateral eye was exposed to white, red, or blue light in a randomized order. The duration of the technique was measured from tracking onset to imaging completion. A 30-s time limit was imposed to prioritize animal welfare, and trials not completed within this duration were recorded as unsuccessful. Pupil diameter was measured immediately before imaging completion or at 30 s in unsuccessful trials.
resultsBlue light was associated with the highest success rate within 30 s (97.4%), followed by white (93.4%) and red (88.2%) lights. Linear mixed-model analysis showed that blue light was also associated with the shortest procedural duration and greatest degree of miosis, whereas red light was associated with longer procedural durations and weaker pupillary constriction. After adjusting for light condition, pupil diameter was not independently associated with procedural duration. Because pupil diameter and light condition were closely related, their respective contributions to imaging efficiency could not be fully distinguished.
conclusionsIndirect PLR stimulation with blue light enhanced the efficiency of corneal specular microscopy in conscious dogs. The relative contributions of miosis and other wavelength-dependent physiological or optical effects remain uncertain.
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