ArticleInternational journal of pharmaceutics: X2026
Design of liquid crystalline nanoparticles: Linking composition to membrane interactions and siRNA delivery.
Article in International journal of pharmaceutics: X, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The clinical translation of small interfering RNA (siRNA) therapeutics critically depends on delivery systems capable of protecting nucleic acids, enabling efficient cellular uptake, and promoting cytosolic release. Liquid crystalline nanoparticles (LCNs) are promising carriers due to tunable internal nanostructure and biocompatibility, yet how composition controls membrane affinity and biological performance remains limited. Here, we compared two cationic reverse-hexagonal LCNs formulated from monoolein, oleic acid, poly(allylamine hydrochloride) and either poloxamer 407 (P407) or poloxamer 188 (P188). Both LCN-P407 and LCN-P188 shared reverse-hexagonal organization, mean diameters of 150-185 nm, low polydispersity (0.09-0.18), positive zeta potentials (10-20 mV), and protection of siRNA from RNase A. Langmuir isotherms and Brewster angle microscopy revealed pronounced adsorption and expansion of DPPC monolayers, with LCN-P188 inducing stronger perturbations, consistent with its higher cytotoxicity (∼20% increase in cell death) relative to LCN-P407. Crucially, siRNA delivered by LCN-P407 showed significantly greater uptake (> 1.7-fold) than that administered by LCN-P188. Functionally, as a proof of concept, we showed that LCN-P407-siTNFα induced robust gene silencing in LPS-stimulated macrophages, reducing TNFα secretion by 1.2-3.5-fold depending on particle concentration and incubation time. LCN-P188-siTNFα produced only delayed and modest reductions (1.3-1.6-fold). In addition, in dermatomized porcine skin, LCN-P407 also exhibited superior cutaneous penetration, delivering siRNA efficiently into the viable epidermis and dermis. Collectively, these results reveal a direct relationship between LCN composition, membrane affinity, and functional performance, providing mechanistic insight for the rational design of LCN-based carriers in RNA therapeutics.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.