Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42633118›Full record

ArticleContemporary clinical trials communications2026

PRIME - A multilevel intervention for low back pain management in primary care: Protocol for an effectiveness-implementation hybrid type 1 cluster randomized controlled trial.

G Christe, B Darlow, J Hartvigsen, J Stanic, M Rosa, J Virdee, M Martel, M Lötscher-Stamm, S Wieser, D Schaller and 2 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Contemporary clinical trials communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07137065 (A Multilevel Intervention for Low Back Pain Management in Primary Care), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07137065 narecruitingnot on this map

A Multilevel Intervention for Low Back Pain Management in Primary Care: An Effectiveness-implementation Hybrid Study

TypeinterventionalSponsorGuillaume ChristeRan2026 to 2028Enrolled500ConditionsLow Back PainArmsPRImary care MultilEvel intervention for low back pain (PRIME), Usual Care
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

G ChristeHESAV School of Health Sciences - Vaud, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland.
B DarlowDepartment of Primary Health Care, University of Otago Wellington, Aotearoa, New Zealand.
J HartvigsenCenter for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
J StanicHESAV School of Health Sciences - Vaud, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland.
M RosaHESAV School of Health Sciences - Vaud, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland.
J VirdeeHESAV School of Health Sciences - Vaud, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland.
M MartelResearch Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada.
M Lötscher-StammWinterthur Institute of Health Economics, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland.
S WieserWinterthur Institute of Health Economics, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland.
D SchallerRéseau Delta, Vésenaz, Switzerland.
O KheradInternal Medicine Division, Hôpital de La Tour and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
S GenevayDepartment of Rheumatology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is a leading cause of disability and healthcare utilization worldwide, yet management in primary care often remains inconsistent with clinical guidelines, with underuse of high-value care and persistent use of low-value interventions. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of PRIME (PRImary care MultilEvel intervention for low back pain) compared with usual care in terms of cost-effectiveness (system level), back-related imaging rates (practitioner level), and self-reported disability (patient level), while concurrently examining implementation processes. Methods: This study uses an effectiveness-implementation hybrid type 1 design (NCT07137065). Effectiveness will be evaluated through a pragmatic cluster randomized controlled superiority trial conducted in primary care in Switzerland, recruiting 500 patients with LBP from February 2026 to June 2027. General practitioner quality circles will be randomized to PRIME or usual care. PRIME combines clinician training, patient education resources, automated decision support, and a stepped care pathway aligned with patients' risk of chronicity. Implementation outcomes and determinants will be assessed in the intervention group using quantitative and qualitative methods guided by established implementation frameworks. Discussion: This trial will provide a comprehensive evaluation of a multilevel intervention targeting both clinical and implementation gaps in LBP care. By integrating effectiveness and implementation outcomes, the study aims to generate actionable evidence on how high-value LBP care can be sustainably implemented in routine primary care and inform future scale-up strategies.

Indexed as

AdoptionEducationExerciseLow back painPrimary careReassuranceStratified care

Identifiers

PMID42633118
PMCPMC13499054

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.