ArticleDocumenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology2026
Paroxysmal tonic upgaze mimicking epileptic seizures in infancy: a diagnostic challenge.
Article in Documenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
purposeTo describe the clinical features of paroxysmal tonic upgaze (PTU) and highlight its potential to mimicepileptic seizures in infants.
methodsWe report the case of an 11-month-old infant with recurrent, brief episodes of sustained upward deviation of the eyes, first observed at six months of age. Neurological examination, psychomotor development, transfontanellar ultrasound, and video EEG were assessed.
resultsThe episodes progressively increased in frequency without impairment of consciousness, motor tone, or autonomic involvement. Neurological examination and psychomotor development were normal. Transfontanellar ultrasound was unremarkable, and video EEG revealed no epileptiform activity. The clinical phenotype, normal interictal findings, and absence of electrographic correlates supported the diagnosis of PTU.
conclusionRecognition of PTU as a non-epileptic paroxysmal disorder is essential to avoid misdiagnosis of epilepsy and unnecessary therapeutic interventions.
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