ArticleBiological cybernetics2026
Muscle-level evaluation of the minimum muscle-stress-change model in human three-joint reaching using anatomically expanded arm models.
Article in Biological cybernetics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
This study examined whether muscle-level optimization can account for both arm movements and muscle recruitment in planar three-joint reaching. To extend previous movement-level analyses based on simplified musculoskeletal representations, anatomically detailed three-joint arm models comprising 19-26 muscles with nonlinear, joint-angle-dependent moment arms were used. This extension enabled direct evaluation of whether muscle-level computational models can resolve highly redundant muscle-tension distributions. The reaching task was designed with eight directions at
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