ArticleLiver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver2026
Cirrhosis Risk in Sarcoidosis Without Documented Hepatic Involvement-A Large Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study.
Article in Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Sarcoidosis-Associated Cirrhosis: Biological Risk or Surveillance Artifact?Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2026Article
- Response to Letter to the Editor.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2026Article
- Cirrhosis Risk in Sarcoidosis Without Documented Hepatic Involvement-A Large Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND &
aimsGiven the likely underestimation of hepatic sarcoidosis, the aims were to evaluate long-term cirrhosis risk in patients with sarcoidosis without documented hepatic involvement at baseline and to assess the impact of multi-organ disease and immunomodulatory therapies on cirrhosis risk.
methodsA retrospective cohort study using the Clalit Health Services database in Israel included adults with sarcoidosis without documented hepatic involvement or prevalent cirrhosis and age- and sex-matched controls. The primary outcome was incident cirrhosis, analysed with inverse-probability-of-treatment-weighted (IPTW) Fine-Gray modelling with death as a competing risk. Secondary analyses evaluated multi-organ involvement using landmark methods and immunomodulatory therapies as time-varying exposures.
resultsAmong 5489 sarcoidosis patients and 6016 controls (142 002 person-years), cirrhosis occurred in 112 (2.0%) and 38 (0.6%), respectively (incidence rate 1.61 vs. 0.53 per 1000 person-years; rate ratio 3.05). In the primary IPTW-weighted Fine-Gray analysis, sarcoidosis was associated with incident cirrhosis (subdistribution hazard ratio [sHR] 2.84, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.97-4.11, p < 0.001); the weighted 20-year cumulative incidence was 2.8% versus 1.1%. The association was consistent across IPTW-weighted cause-specific, covariate-adjusted and follow-up-truncated analyses (hazard ratio [HR]/sHR range 2.71-2.84). Among patients with confirmed organ involvement, 1057 had single-organ and 87 had multi-organ disease. In the 5-year landmark analysis (n = 940; 18 events), multi-organ involvement was associated with cirrhosis in the parsimonious model (HR 5.33, 95% CI 1.90-15.00, p = 0.002). No immunomodulatory therapy was significantly associated with cirrhosis.
conclusionsSarcoidosis was independently associated with increased cirrhosis risk despite no hepatic involvement, particularly in multiorgan disease. This supports a risk-stratified spectrum from heightened clinical awareness to closer hepatic surveillance in selected patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.