ArticleFrontiers in public health2026
Association between friend gatherings and leisure-time exercise among Chinese adults.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: Broad social-capital measures may obscure the concrete relationships through which leisure-time exercise is organized. This study examined whether leisure-time exercise among Chinese adults is more strongly associated with friend gatherings than with neighborhood interaction, generalized trust, or perceived fairness. Methods: We pooled nine anonymous repeated cross-sectional waves of the Chinese General Social Survey from 2010 to 2023. Friend gatherings were treated as a proxy for friendship-oriented leisure socializing, not as direct evidence that respondents exercised with friends. Standardized OLS models included socioeconomic and demographic covariates, survey-year fixed effects, and harmonized province fixed effects. Results: In the primary social-contrast model, friend gatherings showed the largest social-relational association with exercise (standardized beta = 0.149), exceeding the coefficients for neighborhood interaction, generalized trust, and perceived fairness (all coefficient-comparison Discussion: Leisure-time exercise in China co-patterns with friendship-oriented leisure socializing more strongly than with broader social-capital attitudes or neighborhood contact. These findings are associative and do not establish causation or direct exercise companionship.
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