SynthesisFrontiers in pediatrics2026
The global evaluation of nursing interventions on patient outcomes in children with pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Frontiers in pediatrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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3 authors.
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Abstract
Background/objectives: Pediatric patients diagnosed with pneumonia may experience a reduced incidence of complications when provided with appropriate nursing care. Numerous studies have investigated the impact of interventions on outcomes in children with pneumonia. However, the findings have been contradictory, and the effectiveness of these interventions on patient outcomes can differ. Therefore, it is crucial to compile and compare the results of these studies across various nursing intervention types. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of different interventions on patient outcomes in pediatric pneumonia cases. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted across five reputable databases (Scopus, PubMed, Medline, Embase, and Web of Science) using three groups of keywords up to September 2025, following PRISMA guidelines. All types of studies were included if they involved nursing interventions in children with pneumonia. For the meta-analysis, nursing satisfaction, complication rates, and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in case-control studies were calculated using a random-effects model. The GRADE assessment was also performed. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tools. Results: This review analyzed a total of 40 studies encompassing 166,859 cases of pediatric pneumonia, including all study designs implemented in this field. Targeted nursing care, comprehensive nursing care, and hierarchical chain nursing care were identified as the most effective interventions. However, medication programs, educational nursing interventions, and positioning care programs, while cost-effective, can significantly enhance patient outcomes. Following these interventions, nursing satisfaction rates improved significantly, with a pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) of 1.79 (95% CI: 1.33-2.25), and complication rates decreased, also with an SMD of -3.81 (95% CI: -4.17--3.45). Conclusions: Nursing care interventions for children with pneumonia can significantly improve patient outcomes. It is crucial to develop effective and cost-efficient nursing strategies specifically tailored to pediatric pneumonia cases. The successful implementation of high-impact nursing interventions requires close collaboration among individual care providers, leadership, and policymakers. Policymakers and healthcare practitioners must carefully evaluate healthcare priorities alongside the effectiveness, benefits, and potential risks associated with these interventions. Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO CRD420251164790.
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