Music and speech input in the home environments of Latinx infants.

Helen Liu, T Christina Zhao, Naja Ferjan Ramírez

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Infant behavior & development, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Helen LiuInstitute for Learning and Brain Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Linguistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.

T Christina ZhaoInstitute for Learning and Brain Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.

Naja Ferjan RamírezInstitute for Learning and Brain Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Linguistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. Electronic address: naja@uw.edu.

Funding

Transform Dissemination and Implementation Science in CTSA ProgramsUL1TR002319 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI John K. Amory · 2017 to 2026

$100.0M

Neural mechanisms underlying the sensitive period for phonetic learning in infants at-risk for Developmental Language DisorderR01DC020419 · NIDCD · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI Tian Christina Zhao · 2022 to 2026

$2.5M

NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR002319NIDCD NIH HHS R01 DC020419

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Infants' experience with the auditory world is culture-specific and shapes how their brains process complex sounds in their environment. The present study is the first to examine naturalistic exposure to speech and music, two main components of infants' auditory soundscapes, in Latinx U.S. infants (n = 64; age range 4-23mo). Through a bootstrapping approach, results are then compared to a previously published dataset of non-Latinx U.S. infants. Two daylong audio recordings per infant were captured with LENA. Using a crowdsourcing approach, 417 naïve listeners annotated a total of 6400 randomly sampled short audio snippets through an online citizen science platform. Latinx infants received more speech input than music input, replicating previously published results with non-Latinx infants. Likewise, as was the case for non-Latinx infants, Latinx infants were exposed to more music from an electronic source than an in-person source; a pattern that was again reversed for speech. However, while non-Latinx infants experienced more non-infant-directed (non-ID) music compared to infant-directed (ID) music, the opposite was true for Latinx infants: they experienced more ID music compared to non-ID music. Latinx infants also experienced overall more music, and more ID music, compared to their non-Latinx counterparts. Together, these results point to nuanced but important differences between the auditory environments of Latinx and non-Latinx infants. Enhanced exposure to ID music in the Latinx group may act as a promotive factor in a range of developmental areas and should be considered when evaluating infants' auditory environments.

Indexed as

Auditory PerceptionHispanic or LatinoHome EnvironmentMusicSpeechSpeech PerceptionAcoustic StimulationFemaleHumansInfantMaleAuditory environmentCrowdsourcingDaylong recordingsLatinxLENA recordingsMusic inputSpeech input

Identifiers

PMID42628417

DOI10.1016/j.infbeh.2026.102224

PMCPMC13557709

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.