Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42627621›Full record

ArticleInfection2026

Empirical antipseudomonal antibiotic therapy and in-hospital mortality in biliary tract infections with bacteremia: a multicenter retrospective cohort study in Japan.

Koji Endo, Hiroyoshi Iwata, Makoto Kaneko, Keisuke Kamada, Yuki Honda, Yoshito Homma, Takao Wakabayashi, Kenji Kanto, Yuki Nagai, Shuhei Hamada and 3 more

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Article in Infection, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Koji EndoDepartment of General Internal Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Tottori Hospital, Tottori, Japan.
Hiroyoshi IwataCenter for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan. hiwata@cehs.hokudai.ac.jp.
Makoto KanekoDepartment of Health Data Science, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.
Keisuke KamadaDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
Yuki HondaDepartment of General Internal Medicine, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan.
Yoshito HommaDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital, Ehime, Japan.
Takao WakabayashiDepartment of General and Emergency Medicine, Japan Community Health-care Organization Sapporo Hokushin Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
Kenji KantoDepartment of General Medicine, Ohara General Hospital, Fukushima, Japan.
Yuki NagaiDepartment of General Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Medical Center, Nagasaki, Japan.
Shuhei HamadaDivision of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Takashi SaitoDepartment of General Internal Medicine, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan.
Kyoji HashimotoDepartment of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Tottori Prefectural Central Hospital, Tottori, Japan.
Takuya AokiDivision of Clinical Epidemiology, Research Center for Medical Sciences, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minatoku, Tokyo, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo evaluate the association between the use of empirical antipseudomonal antibiotics and in-hospital mortality in patients with bacteremia due to biliary tract infections.

methodsWe conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study using data from the JApan Bacteremia Inpatient Cohort Association (JA-BICA), a database of 1105 adult inpatients with bacteremia sourced from eight community general hospitals across Japan. Adult patients with bacteremia due to biliary tract infections were included in this study. Patients who received empirical antipseudomonal antibiotics on the day of hospital admission were categorized into the exposure group and those who did not receive such antibiotics were categorized into the comparison group. The primary outcome measure was the all-cause in-hospital mortality. We evaluated the association between antipseudomonal antibiotic use and in-hospital mortality using cumulative incidence functions and the Fine-Gray subdistribution hazard models with propensity score-based stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW). The missing covariates were addressed using multiple imputations.

resultsAmong 216 eligible patients, 160 (74.0%) received empirical antipseudomonal antibiotics. IPTW-weighted Fine-Gray analysis showed no detectable association between antipseudomonal antibiotic use and in-hospital mortality (subdistribution hazard ratio, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.4-2.59; P = 0.96).

conclusionsIn the present study, no clear association was observed between empirical antipseudomonal antibiotic therapy and in-hospital mortality in patients with bacteremia due to biliary tract infection; however, the estimate was imprecise due to the limited number of events. These findings highlight the need for further studies to guide empirical antibiotics selection in this population.

Indexed as

Antipseudomonal antibioticsBacteremiaBiliary tract infectionEarly antibiotic treatment failureEmpiric therapyIn-hospital mortality

Identifiers

PMID42627621

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.