ReviewJournal of education and health promotion2026
Effective policies on prevention and control of cardiovascular diseases in different countries: A realistic review.
Review in Journal of education and health promotion, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are responsible for 60% of deaths from noncommunicable diseases worldwide. Iran's CVD control and prevention program faces challenges that have limited its effectiveness and efficiency. This study aimed to identify effective programs, policies, and interventions for the prevention and control of CVDs in Iran. The realistic review method was used to conduct this research. Original peer-reviewed studies published in the field of policies and interventions for the prevention and control of CVDs between 2000 and July 22, 2024, were collected in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Persian databases such as Iranmedex, MagIran, irandoc, and Scientific Information Database (SID). Articles that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed using the framework analysis using MAXQDA 10 software. A total of 61 effective interventions and policies were identified for the CVD control and prevention program. The most important effective policies included primary and secondary prevention interventions, nutritional interventions, lifestyle modification, tobacco control policies, and blood pressure control. A total of 56 contextual factors were identified in this program, the most important of which were the availability of appropriate primary care, access to health centers, doctors and medicines, the private sector, insurance funds, and subsidized services. A total of 36 intervention mechanisms were identified, the most important of which were public education through mass media, social participation, participation of experts, and nongovernmental organizations. Finally, 22 outcomes were identified in this study, the most important of which included reducing disease risk factors, improving nutritional habits, and reducing disease prevalence. This review shows that effective programs and interventions for the prevention and control of CVDs can be implemented in each country with an appropriate mechanism to reduce the burden of the disease, taking into account the political, social, economic, and sociocultural context, and based on the experiences of other countries, interventions that are more compatible with our country's conditions can be introduced to policymakers and decision-makers in the country's health system for selection and implementation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.