ArticleWorld journal of nephrology2026
Lactulose
Article in World journal of nephrology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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5 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with progressive accumulation of uremic toxins and chronic systemic inflammation. CKD management focuses on treating the underlying disease, controlling risk factors, slowing disease progression, and initiating renal replacement therapy in stage 5. Early CKD is often asymptomatic or presents with mild symptoms such as fatigue and nocturia, whereas symptoms become progressively more severe after stage 3 and worsen further with renal failure. Modulation of the gut microbiota using prebiotics or probiotics has emerged as a promising adjunctive therapeutic strategy. Lactulose, a non-absorbable disaccharide, and
aimTo compare the effects of lactulose and LA on renal functions, inflammatory markers, and gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with non-dialysis CKD.
methodsThis prospective comparative study was done on a total of 150 patients with non-dialysis CKD stage 3-5 who were randomly subdivided into three groups: The lactulose group included 50 patients with non-dialysis CKD stage 3-5 who received lactulose 30 mL per day divided into 3 doses; the LA group included 50 patients with non-dialysis CKD stage 3-5 who received one tablet of LA twice daily; and group C included 50 patients with non-dialysis CKD stage 3-5 who didn't receive lactulose or LA. Baseline clinical and laboratory parameters were recorded. Renal function tests (serum creatinine and blood urea), inflammatory markers, and gastrointestinal symptoms were assessed before and after the intervention period.
resultsA total of 150 patients with non-dialysis CKD stages 3-5 were enrolled and equally randomized into three groups: Lactulose (
conclusionBoth lactulose and LA demonstrated beneficial effects in non-dialysis CKD patients. However, LA showed superior improvement in uremic parameters and inflammatory status. Gut-directed therapy represents a valuable adjunct in the medical management of CKD.
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