ArticleACS omega2026
3D-Printed Vancomycin- and Gentamicin-Loaded Bone Grafts for Osteomyelitis Treatment: Drug Release and Antibacterial Efficacy.
Article in ACS omega, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
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Abstract
In this study, the potential of 3D printing technology for patient-adaptable osteomyelitis treatment was determined as well as the effects of antibiotic-loaded grafts on physicochemical properties, thermal stability, antimicrobial efficacy, and cell viability were evaluated. Polycaprolactone (PCL) and nanohydroxyapatite (HA) were used as the backbone of 3D grafts using different models, including Grid, Tri-Hexagon, Zigzag, and Gyroid. Later, gentamicin (10% and 15%), vancomycin (10% and 15%), and their combinations (5%-5% and 7.5%-7.5%) were added to the selected model graft. X-ray diffraction, thermal characterization, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Raman spectroscopy analyses were conducted to characterize the obtained filament before 3D printing. The interaction of drugs and HA within the composite filaments was confirmed by FTIR and Raman spectroscopy. Thermal studies showed that the optimal temperature range for 3D printing did not disturb the structural integrity of the grafts. Cell viability and cytotoxicity assays also confirmed sustained cell viability, as well as those mentioned drug-loaded filaments' tests showed antibacterial effects against osteomyelitis-causing pathogens (
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