ArticleFrontiers in epidemiology2026
Mixed-strain infection and heteroresistance in drug-resistant tuberculosis: insights from a whole-genome sequencing pilot.
Article in Frontiers in epidemiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Abstract
Background: Mixed-strain Methods: We conducted an exploratory whole-genome sequencing (WGS) analysis of 28 drug-resistant Results: Lineage 4 (46%) and Lineage 2 (43%) predominated, with 10.7% of isolates classified as probable mixed-strain candidates. Heteroallelic variants were most frequently observed in Conclusion: This pilot study provides preliminary genomic evidence of mixed-strain infection and heteroresistance in a high-burden rural setting. While these findings highlight the potential role of subclonal diversity in shaping resistance patterns, their clinical and epidemiological relevance remains uncertain due to the absence of patient-level data and limited sample size. Future studies integrating genomic, clinical, and epidemiological data in larger cohorts and incorporating benchmarking against established tools are required to validate these findings and clarify their implications for tuberculosis control.
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