ArticleBMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation2026
Free-fall normalised peak braking velocity for countermovement jump monitoring.
Article in BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundPeak braking velocity (PBV) during the countermovement jump (CMJ) is used to describe descent strategy, but its interpretation is affected by countermovement depth. This study introduced free-fall normalised peak braking velocity (PBVFF), a dimensionless index expressing PBV relative to the displacement-specific theoretical free-fall velocity limit, and evaluated its reliability, performance associations and ranking consequences.
methodsSeventy injury-free male academy footballers (18.7 ± 1.6 years) performed three maximal hands-on-hips CMJs on dual force plates. Using retrospective observational routine monitoring data, one representative testing day per athlete was analysed. Two PBVFF variants were examined: PBVFF normalised to countermovement depth (PBVFF
resultsPBVFF
conclusionsPBVFF provides a depth-contextualised interpretation of CMJ descent strategy without compromising within-session reliability. PBVFF
trial registrationNot applicable.
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