Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42622936›Full record

ArticleBiodegradation2026

Enhanced toluene biodegradation by novel bioactive coatings applied in continuous flow bioreactors.

Javier González-Martín, Raquel Lebrero, Raúl Muñoz

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Biodegradation, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Javier González-MartínInstitute of Sustainable Processes, University of Valladolid, Paseo Prado de La Magdalena 3-5, 47011, Valladolid, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2562-7876
Raquel LebreroInstitute of Sustainable Processes, University of Valladolid, Paseo Prado de La Magdalena 3-5, 47011, Valladolid, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3033-8649
Raúl MuñozInstitute of Sustainable Processes, University of Valladolid, Paseo Prado de La Magdalena 3-5, 47011, Valladolid, Spain. raul.munoz.torre@uva.es.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1207-6275

Funding

Department of Education of the Regional Government of Castilla y León BDNS 487971Department of Education of the Regional Government of Castilla y León CLU-2025-2-06Department of Education of the Regional Government of Castilla y León UIC 393European Regional Development Fund CLU-2025-2-06European Regional Development Fund UIC 393European Social Fund Plus BDNS 487971Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades RTI2018-0-096441-B-I00
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are common air pollutants from industrial sources. The hydrophobic nature of some of these VOCs limits their removal by conventional biotechnologies. This study evaluates the application of bioactive coatings, a novel biotechnology based on nanoporous polymer matrices embedding active microorganisms, to improve the bioavailability of hydrophobic VOCs in gas-phase bioreactors. Bioactive coatings supported on jute rope and dishcloth strips were tested in a bioreactor for the continuous treatment of toluene and then compared with a conventional biofilm-based system. Jute rope failed to ensure an effective nutrient transport due to the lack of capillarity, while dishcloth strips successfully supported the bioactive coating, significantly enhancing bioreactor's performance. The bioactive coating bioreactor packed with dishcloth strips outperformed the conventional reactor during the first 45 days, achieving steady-state toluene removals of 77% compared to 67%, with peak efficiency at 89%. Toluene biodegradation in both systems was highly dependent on nitrogen availability. From day 45, the conventional bioreactor improved, reaching steady-state removals over 87%. Furthermore, the addition of silicone oil to the bioactive coating-based bioreactor on day 70 increased toluene removal by a factor of 1.23. These findings demonstrate the potential of bioactive coatings and capillary supports to enhance VOC removal in bioreactors.

Indexed as

BioreactorsTolueneBiodegradation, EnvironmentalBiofilmsContinuous Flow ChemistryVolatile Organic CompoundsTolueneVolatile Organic CompoundsBioactive coatingBioreactorLatexSilicon oilTolueneVOC

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.