ReviewMedical oncology (Northwood, London, England)2026
The role of platelets in the hepatocellular carcinoma immune microenvironment and their clinical prospects: a comprehensive review.
Review in Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Platelets, traditionally recognized for hemostatic functions, have emerged as critical modulators of the HCC tumor microenvironment, yet their complex roles remain incompletely understood. This review synthesizes current mechanistic and clinical evidence on platelet functions in HCC pathophysiology and translational applications. Platelets exert dual, context-dependent effects in HCC. Their pro-tumorigenic mechanisms include circulating tumor cell shielding, epithelial-mesenchymal transition induction via TGF-β1/AMPK/mTOR signaling, and immunosuppression through GARP-TGF-β and GITRL pathways. Conversely, P2Y12-mediated CD40L secretion confers anti-tumor immunity in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis-driven HCC (MASLD-HCC). Platelet functions vary by etiology, differs significantly between viral hepatitis and metabolic liver disease, and shift dynamically from early to advanced disease stages. Platelets remodel the immune microenvironment through interactions with T cells, NK cells, and macrophages, with platelet-derived extracellular vesicles and non-coding RNAs serving as key mediators. This offers potential translational applications including platelet-based biomarkers, etiology-stratified antiplatelet strategies, platelet membrane-coated nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery, and management of platelet-drug interactions in systemic therapy. Bridging mechanistic insights and clinical observations offers a potential framework for developing platelet-targeted precision approaches to improve HCC management.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.