Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42622752›Full record

ArticleInternal and emergency medicine2026

Oral semaglutide vs DPP-4 inhibitors in reducing risk of cognitive impairment in elderly patients with HFpEF and obesity.

Giuseppe Armentaro, Cristiana Vitale, Velia Cassano, Marilisa Panza, Ilaria Gareri, Maria Mirabelli, Elena Succurro, Francesco Andreozzi, Antonio Brunetti, Gianluigi Savarese and 4 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Internal and emergency medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Giuseppe Armentaro *Geriatrics Division, "Renato Dulbecco" University Hospital of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
Cristiana Vitale *Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open, University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Velia CassanoDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy. velia.cassano@unicz.it.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0793-1225
Marilisa PanzaDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
Ilaria GareriDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
Maria MirabelliDepartment of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
Elena SuccurroDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
Francesco AndreozziDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
Antonio BrunettiDepartment of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
Gianluigi SavareseDivision of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Heart and Vascular and Neuro Theme, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Maurizio VolterraniDepartment of Human Sciences and Promotion of Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open, University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Giorgio SestiDivision of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Heart and Vascular and Neuro Theme, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Giuseppe Massimo Claudio Rosano *Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open, University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Angela Sciacqua *Geriatrics Division, "Renato Dulbecco" University Hospital of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus are common in elderly patients and are associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment (CoI). In these patients, the protective metabolic and vascular effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are well established. The aim of this study was to evaluate effects of one-year treatment with oral semaglutide versus DPP-4 inhibitors (DPP4i), as an add-on to the hypoglycaemic therapy, on the incidence of CoI in patients with HFpEF, obesity, and type 2 diabetes. 246 elderly outpatients were recruited and divided into two groups (oral semaglutide vs. DPP4i), accurately matched for age, sex, and body mass index (BMI). At one-year follow-up, 106 new cases of CoI were observed in the entire study population (43.1 events/100 patients/year). A significant difference was found between the two groups: 33 cases with oral semaglutide (26.8 events/100 patients/year) versus 73 cases with DPP4i (59.3 events/100 patients/year), p<0.0001. Logistic regression analysis indicated a 77% reduced risk of incident CoI with oral semaglutide compared to DPP4i. In elderly patients with HFpEF, obesity and type 2 diabetes, oral semaglutide seems to have a positive effect in reducing the incidence of cognitive impairment.

Indexed as

Cognitive impairmentElderlyHFpEFObesityType 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID42622752

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.