ArticleCNS neuroscience & therapeutics2026
CD147-Conjugated Minocycline Nanomicelles Alleviate Neuroinflammation and Improve Neurological Function Following Intracerebral Hemorrhage.
Article in CNS neuroscience & therapeutics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIntracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) remains one of the most devastating subtypes of stroke, characterized by high mortality and limited therapeutic options. Neuroinflammation is recognized as a critical determinant of secondary brain injury following ICH. Minocycline, a broad-spectrum tetracycline antibiotic, has been shown to attenuate hematoma expansion, reduce blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, and improve neurological outcomes in preclinical ICH models. However, its clinical translation has been limited by poor aqueous solubility, low bioavailability, and dose-related systemic toxicity.
methodsWe designed a brain-targeted nanotherapeutic system based on minocycline-loaded polymeric nanomicelles conjugated with anti-CD147 monoclonal antibodies (MINO@PNM@CD147). The nanomicelles were synthesized using a co-solvent evaporation method, followed by covalent conjugation of CD147 antibodies via amide bond formation. The physicochemical properties, biocompatibility, and targeting efficiency of the formulation were characterized in vitro. Therapeutic efficacy was evaluated in a collagenase-induced ICH mouse model using histopathological, biochemical, and behavioral assessments.
resultsMINO@PNM@CD147 exhibited a uniform spherical morphology with an average hydrodynamic diameter of 13.5 nm and high colloidal stability. In vitro studies demonstrated excellent cellular compatibility and effective suppression of pro-inflammatory mediators in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated BV-2 cells. In vivo fluorescence imaging confirmed targeted accumulation of MINO@PNM@CD147 in perihematomal regions. Treatment markedly reduced neuronal degeneration, microglia and astrocyte activation, leukocyte infiltration, and cell apoptosis, while significantly attenuating the release of inflammatory mediators. Moreover, MINO@PNM@CD147 administration led to substantial improvements in neurological function compared with free minocycline or non-targeted formulations.
conclusionOur findings highlight that MINO@PNM@CD147 combines anti-inflammatory efficacy with precise brain-targeted delivery, thereby offering a potent and safe nanotherapeutic strategy for mitigating neuroinflammation and promoting recovery after ICH. This work provides a promising translational platform for nanomedicine-based interventions in ICH.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.