Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42621268›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in medicine2026

Aerobic exercise for substance use disorders: therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms.

Qiao-Qiao Liu, Xiao-Xuan Zheng, Shang-Wen Wang, Lin Miao, Ying-Jie Zhao, Jian-Xing Liu, Juan Li, Jian Huang

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Qiao-Qiao Liu *Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
Xiao-Xuan Zheng *National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
Shang-Wen Wang *National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
Lin MiaoNational Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
Ying-Jie ZhaoDepartment of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
Jian-Xing LiuNational Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
Juan LiDepartment of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
Jian HuangNational Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Substance use disorder (SUD) is a psychiatric condition in which recurrent use of psychoactive substances, including alcohol, nicotine, opioids, and stimulants, induces pathological alterations in brain rewards, motivation, and memory circuitry, leading to loss of control over use, compulsive drug-seeking behavior, heightened tolerance, and significant impairment in social functioning. SUD should not be construed as a moral failing or a volitional weakness, but rather as a chronic, relapsing brain disorder. Dependence on tobacco, alcohol, and illicit substances such as opioids and amphetamines constitutes distinct forms of SUD, marked by frequent relapse and associated with profound societal harm and an escalating global public health threat. Although pharmacotherapy and psychosocial interventions remain the mainstay of SUD treatment and can reduce withdrawal symptoms and craving, long-term outcomes are often disappointing. Pharmacotherapy is limited by side effects and high dropout rates, while psychosocial treatments are hampered by poor adherence and uneven access to care-factors that help account for the persistently high relapse rates seen in clinical practice. In contrast, exercise is a safe, non-pharmacological add-on treatment that modulates brain function and alleviates psychiatric and cognitive symptoms associated with addiction. These effects can reduce drug craving, curb compulsive use, and interfere with relapse-promoting processes, offering measurable clinical benefit. In this review, we summarize the effects of exercise interventions on individuals with drug, alcohol, and tobacco addiction. We discuss the potential mechanisms behind these benefits, highlight current limitations in the field, and suggest directions for future research. This review aims to support the development of new intervention strategies and to synthesize the current evidence on the therapeutic effects and mechanistic basis of aerobic exercise in SUD.

Indexed as

addictive behavioraerobic exerciseneural mechanismsrelapse interventionsubstance use disorder

Identifiers

PMID42621268
PMCPMC13487497

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.