ReviewiScience2026
Adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapies in HCC: Time to go perioperative?
Review in iScience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with high recurrence rates despite curative-intent therapies. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have improved outcomes in advanced disease and are now being explored in earlier stages. However, adjuvant approaches have shown limited and inconsistent benefit across phase III trials. In contrast, neoadjuvant strategies have demonstrated promising activity, likely due to enhanced immune priming in the presence of an intact tumor, leading to improved pathological responses and potential tumor downstaging. Emerging evidence suggests that perioperative approaches combining neoadjuvant and adjuvant immunotherapy may provide a more comprehensive strategy by targeting both macroscopic and microscopic disease. Early phase III data indicate improved oncological outcomes and possible conversion to resectability in selected patients. Nonetheless, challenges remain, including patient selection, optimal sequencing, toxicity, and lack of predictive biomarkers. This review summarizes current evidence and future perspectives on adjuvant, neoadjuvant and perioperative systemic therapies in HCC.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.