Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42620585›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in psychology2026

The screening tool of behavioral self-regulation "Head-Toes-Knees-Shoulders" task: a preliminary adaptation to Greek older adults.

Eleni Rachanioti, Dimitra Magkavila, Olga Fragkomichelaki, Magda Dinou, Effie Katsadima, Theodora Foti, Anastasia Tzalla, Anna Dougali, Christina Bourmpou, Maria Staikopoulou and 16 more

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Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

26 authors.

Eleni RachaniotiLaboratory of Psychology, Department of Early Childhood Education, School of Education, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
Dimitra MagkavilaLaboratory of Psychology, Department of Early Childhood Education, School of Education, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
Olga FragkomichelakiLaboratory of Psychology, Department of Early Childhood Education, School of Education, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
Magda DinouLaboratory of Psychology, Department of Early Childhood Education, School of Education, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
Effie KatsadimaLaboratory of Psychology, Department of Early Childhood Education, School of Education, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
Theodora FotiLaboratory of Psychology, Department of Early Childhood Education, School of Education, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
Anastasia TzallaLaboratory of Psychology, Department of Early Childhood Education, School of Education, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
Anna DougaliLaboratory of Psychology, Department of Early Childhood Education, School of Education, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
Christina BourmpouFaculty of Arts and Sciences, Division of Social Science, Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States.
Maria StaikopoulouLaboratory of Psychology, Department of Early Childhood Education, School of Education, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
Aphrodite PapantoniouLaboratory of Psychology, Department of Early Childhood Education, School of Education, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
Fotini VarlamiLaboratory of Psychology, Department of Early Childhood Education, School of Education, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
Irene DinakiLaboratory of Psychology, Department of Early Childhood Education, School of Education, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
Maria TsiountalaLaboratory of Psychology, Department of Early Childhood Education, School of Education, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
Konstantinos StaikopoulosLaboratory of Psychology, Department of Early Childhood Education, School of Education, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
Tryfon MavropaliasDepartment of Primary Education, School of Education, University of Western Macedonia, Florina, Greece.
Efthymia EfthymiouCollege of Interdisciplinary Studies, Zayed University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
Demetra TomprouDepartment of Education, School of Education and Social Sciences, Frederick University, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Maria GeorgiadiDepartment of Psychology, University of Crete, Rethymno, Greece.
Dimitra KatsarouDepartment of Preschool Education Sciences and Educational Design, University of the Aegean, Rhodes, Greece.
Georgios KougioumtzisDepartment of Turkish Studies, National and Kapodistrian University, Athens, Greece.
Ioanna Giannoula KatsouriDepartment of Occupational Therapy, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece.
Harilaos ZaragasPedagogy and Teaching Methodology Laboratory, Department of Early Childhood Education, School of Education, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
Despina MoraitouLaboratory of Psychology, Section of Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Maria SofologiDepartment of Education, Philips University, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Georgia PapantoniouLaboratory of Psychology, Department of Early Childhood Education, School of Education, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Head-Toes-Knees-Shoulders (HTKS) behavioral self-regulation (executive function) measure in a sample of Greek older population. Specifically, 88 cognitively healthy Greek older adults over the age of 65 participated in the study. The Greek version of HTKS was administered along with the Greek versions of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Raven's Educational CPM, the Number Series (NS) test, the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS), the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) and the Impulsive Behavior Scale (UPPS-P). Exploratory factor analysis supported the unidimensional structure of the HTKS. The internal consistency reliability was evaluated with Cronbach's alpha coefficient and found to be acceptable (α = 0.79). Furthermore, significant positive correlations of the HTKS with measures of cognitive ability (CPM, NS, and MMSE) supported its convergent validity. No significant bivariate correlations of the HTKS were found with older adults' emotional state or impulsivity. The path analysis indicated that nonverbal cognitive ability (CPM) and general cognitive ability (NS) positively influenced the performance on HTKS. In turn, behavioral self-regulation (HTKS) was found to influence positively both positive and negative affect as measured by the PANAS. Additionally, nonverbal cognitive ability (CPM) was found to negatively predict negative affect.

Indexed as

affectbehavioral self-regulationexecutive functionsgeneral intelligenceolder adultspsychometric properties

Identifiers

PMID42620585
PMCPMC13486222

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.