Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42618709›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Direct functionalization of raw coal using p-xylene-2-sulfonic acid hydrate for high adsorption of bisphenol A and 4-chlorophenol: Experimental and statistical physics insights.

Gehad Hussein, Eman S H Khaled, Ahmed A Allam, Reham A Mohamed, Mabrouk Sami, May Bin-Jumah, Mostafa R Abukhadra, Stefano Bellucci, Douaa Fathy

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Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Gehad HusseinDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef City, 62514, Egypt.
Eman S H KhaledDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef City, 62514, Egypt.
Ahmed A AllamDepartment of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, 11623, Saudi Arabia.
Reham A MohamedDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef City, 62514, Egypt.
Mabrouk SamiGeosciences Department, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates.
May Bin-JumahDepartment of Biology, college of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. BOX 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia.
Mostafa R AbukhadraGeosciences Department, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates. m.abdelwahab@uaeu.ac.ae.
Stefano BellucciQi S.r.l, Via Monte d'Oro, 2/A, 00071, Pomezia, RM, Italy. stefano.bellucci@lnf.infn.it.
Douaa FathyGeology Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, El-Minia, 61519, Egypt.

Funding

Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University PNURSP2026R737
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In this study, direct sulfonation of un-carbonized raw coal using p-xylene-2-sulfonic acid hydrate was successfully achieved-a rarely reported modification route compared with the conventional sulfonation of activated carbon after carbonization. This one-step molecular-level substitution presents a key novelty, enabling transformation of the native turbostratic microstructure without prior thermal treatment. XRD analysis confirmed substantial disruption of semi-crystalline carbon domains, with strong suppression of the characteristic (10) band at 40-50° (2θ), indicating conversion to a highly amorphous and defect-rich surface. The resulting sulfonated coal (SF.CA) demonstrated markedly enhanced adsorption performance toward Bisphenol A and 4-chlorophenol, reaching Q

Indexed as

4-ChlorophenolAdsorption mechanismBisphenol APhenolic pollutantsStatistical physics modellingSulfonated coal

Identifiers

PMID42618709
PMCPMC13490439

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.